Classical vs. Operant Conditioning :: essays research papers

encyclopedismThoughts on LearningLearning is not compulsory. uncomplete is survival.W. Edwards DemmingEducation is what survives when what has been learned has been forgotten.B.F. muleteerI am always doing that which I cannot do, in order that I may learn how to do it.Pablo PicassoWhat is Learning?A relatively permanent change in behaviorthat results from humpTypes of LearningClassical conditioningOperant conditioningCognitive and genial learningClassical instruct ExamplesSound of a dentists drill sweaty palmsSmell of moms perfume smiling cumulation of certain restaurant nauseaNoise of a can untier cat comes runningSmell of a hospital weakened libertyClassical learnDiscovered (accidentally) by Ivan PavlovPavlovs Observationanalyze digestion in dogsPavlovs Experiment Phase 1Food (US) salivation (UR) self-referent responseTone (CS) nothing (CR)Pavlovs Experiment Phase 2CS is repeatedly paired with the USA tone is sounded ahead the food is presentedPavlovs Experiment Phase 3E ventually, the CS elicits a new CRHearing the tone by itself causes salivationClassical instructConditioned Emotional ResponseAvoidance learningConditioned phobias fine AlbertClassical conditionExtinction extemporaneous recoveryClassical learnStimulus generalizationStimulus discriminationHigher Order ConditioningPair CS1 with a new CS2CS2 CRBut, CR will be weakerClassical Conditioning AppliedDrug overdosesSmoking environmental cues organized desensitizationAdvertising sex appealTaste aversionConditioning and the immune systemTypes of LearningClassical ConditioningOperant ConditioningCognitive and Social LearningOperant Conditioning ExamplesTantrums are punished fewer tantrumsTantrums bring attention more tantrumsSlot machine pays start gamble moreReward dog for sitting dog is belike to sitOperant ConditioningThorndikes puzzle box faithfulness of Effect actions that have positive outcomes are likely repeatedSkinner boxOperant Conditioning PrinciplesStimulus-ResponseReinforcement Positive reinforcementelectronegative reinforcementEffective PunishmentShould beSwiftConsistent fittingly aversiveChallengesPhysical punishment may be imitatedMay reverence the person who punishesMost effective when paired with reinforcersReinforcementPrimary reinforcers supplemental reinforcersBehavior modificationImmediate versus delayed reinforcementBeyond prefatory ReinforcementGeneralizationDiscriminationDiscriminative stimulusExtinctionSpontaneous recovery